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Table of Contents
How to find and replace strings in a file with sed?
1. Basic syntax: replace the first appearance of content
2. Replace all matches: Global replacement
3. Use different separators to avoid conflicts
4. Batch replace multiple different strings
Home System Tutorial LINUX How to use sed to find and replace a string in a file?

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Jul 25, 2025 am 01:05 AM
sed Find replacement

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The basic syntax for replacing strings in a file using sed is sed 's/old string/new string/' file name, and this command only replaces the content that appears for the first time in each line; 2. Adding the g flag can achieve global replacement, the format is sed 's/old string/new string/g' file name; 3. When the replacement content contains slashes, other symbols such as # can be used as delimiters, such as sed 's#/path/to/old#/new/path#g' file.txt; 4. Multiple replacement operations can be performed in batches through the -e parameter, such as sed -e 's/foo/bar/' -e 's/baz/qux/' file.txt; If you need to directly modify the original file, use -i in Linux and -i '' parameters in macOS.

How to use sed to find and replace a string in a file?

Of course, here is a clear structure and practical article about using sed to find and replace strings in files:


How to find and replace strings in a file with sed?

If you operate text files in a terminal on Linux or macOS, sed is a very powerful stream editor. It can complete search and replace operations without opening files, making it ideal for automated scripts or batch processing.

The following are several common and practical methods to help you quickly get started with sed as string replacement.


1. Basic syntax: replace the first appearance of content

The easiest way to replace it is to use the following format:

 sed 's/old string/new string/' file name

This command reads the file contents and replaces only the first matching string in each line . For example:

 sed 's/foo/bar/' input.txt

This will replace the first foo that appears in each line in input.txt with bar , but will not modify the original file, but will only output to the terminal.

If you want to write back to the original file directly (note: this will overwrite the original file):

  • On macOS:

     sed -i '' 's/foo/bar/' input.txt
  • On Linux:

     sed -i 's/foo/bar/' input.txt

Tip: Only by adding the -i parameter can you really modify the file content, but you must be careful to use it. It is recommended to back up the file first.


2. Replace all matches: Global replacement

The above example replaces only the first match on each row. If you want to replace all matching strings in a line , you need to add the g flag:

 sed 's/old string/new string/g' file name

for example:

 sed 's/foo/bar/g' input.txt

This allows you to replace all foo in each line with bar .

Similarly, if you want to write to the original file, remember to add the -i parameter.


3. Use different separators to avoid conflicts

By default, s/旧/新/ / in is a separator. But if the content you want to replace itself contains / , there will be problems. At this time, you can change a separator, such as # :

 sed 's#/path/to/old#/new/path#g' file.txt

In this way, the writing will not cause errors due to slashes in the path.

Commonly used alternative delimiters include | , : etc., and it is safer to choose symbols that are not likely to appear in the target string.


4. Batch replace multiple different strings

If you need to perform multiple replacements at once, you can use the -e parameter to overlay multiple expressions:

 sed -e 's/foo/bar/' -e 's/baz/qux/' file.txt

Or write it in a more readable form:

 sed '
s/foo/bar/
s/baz/qux/
' file.txt

This is useful for cleaning up or converting text formats at once.


Basically that's it. Although there are many functions sed , mastering these basic usages can already meet most daily needs. Just pay attention to the use of -i and whether you want to replace it globally, everything else is not complicated.

The above is the detailed content of How to use sed to find and replace a string in a file?. For more information, please follow other related articles on the PHP Chinese website!

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