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The steps to add a new hard disk to the Linux system are as follows: 1. Confirm that the hard disk is recognized and use lsblk or fdisk -l to check; 2. Use fdisk or parted partition, such as fdisk /dev/sdb and create and save; 3. Format the partition to a file system, such as mkfs.ext4 /dev/sdb1; 4. Use the mount command for temporary mount, such as mount /dev/sdb1 /mnt/data; 5. Modify /etc/fstab to achieve automatic mount on the computer, and test the mount first to ensure correctness. Be sure to confirm data security before operation to avoid hardware connection problems.
It is actually not difficult to add a new hard drive to Linux system, but some details are prone to errors. The key is to first identify the hard disk, partition, format, and then mount it. The entire process does not require a restart, but it is best to confirm that the data is safe before operation.
Confirm whether the new hard disk is recognized by the system
The first step after plugging in the new hard drive is to see if the system has recognized it. You can use the following two commands:
-
lsblk: List all block devices, you can see the hard disk name (such as/dev/sdb) and whether there is a partition. -
fdisk -lordmesg | grep sd: View more detailed hardware information.
If you don't see your hard drive, it may be a hardware connection problem, or the motherboard interface is not recognized. At this time, you need to check whether the power cord and data cord are plugged in properly.
Partition the new hard disk (optional)
If you plan to divide multiple zones, or want your hard drive to support certain specific purposes, you need to partition. Common tools are fdisk or parted .
For example, use fdisk /dev/sdb to enter the interactive interface:
- Enter
nto create a new partition - Select the primary partition or the extended partition (usually select the primary)
- Set the start sector (default is OK)
- Set the end sector or size (such as 10G)
- Enter
wto save and exit
After completion, you will see partition devices like /dev/sdb1 . Of course, you can also format the entire disk directly without partitioning (such as when doing backup disks), which depends on your needs.
Format the partition to file system
The newly divided area is empty and cannot be used directly, so it must be formatted into a file system. The most common one is ext4:
mkfs.ext4 /dev/sdb1
If you want to use other formats, such as xfs or fat, change to mkfs.xfs or mkfs.vfat .
Note: Formatting will clear the data, so be sure to confirm that it is the right new disk!
Mounting to the system for use
The last step is to mount this disk to a directory. For example, if you want to use it as storage space, you can mount it to /mnt/data :
mkdir /mnt/data mount /dev/sdb1 /mnt/data
After hanging it up, it can be used like a normal directory. However, this mount is temporary and will fail after restarting. To automatically mount the computer on, you have to change the /etc/fstab file.
The modification method is roughly like this:
- Get the UUID of the partition:
blkid /dev/sdb1 - Edit fstab:
nano /etc/fstab - Add a line:
UUID=Your UUID number/mnt/data ext4 defaults 0 2
Remember to test whether the mount is normal first, and then write it into fstab, otherwise the system may not start.
Basically these steps. It's not complicated, but if you get the wrong step in the middle, it may also affect the use, especially the mount and fstab parts. Just take your time and make sure there is no problem step by step.
The above is the detailed content of How to add a new disk to Linux. For more information, please follow other related articles on the PHP Chinese website!
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